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Objective To investigate the protective effect of berberine (BBR) against ionizing radiation injury in rats and its mechanism of action. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: normal control group, 1-Gy radiation group, 1-Gy radiation plus low-dose BBR (50 mg/kg) group, 1-Gy radiation plus high-dose BBR (150 mg/kg) group, 3-Gy radiation group, 3-Gy radiation plus low-dose BBR (50 mg/kg) group, and 3-Gy radiation plus high-dose BBR (150 mg/kg) group. All the groups except the normal control group were exposed to external irradiation with a medical electron linear accelerator, followed by BBR administration by gavage for consecutive ten days. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by using the micromethod. The pathological changes of the bone marrow and small intestine were observed with HE staining. Results Compared with the normal control group, the radiation groups showed significantly increased MDA levels (P < 0.05), significantly decreased SOD and GSH levels (P < 0.05), and more severe pathological damage of the bone marrow and small intestine. Compared with the radiation groups, the BBR groups showed significantly decreased MDA levels (P < 0.05), significantly increased SOD and GSH levels (P < 0.05), and reduced pathological damage to the bone marrow and small intestine, which were more marked in the high-dose BBR group. Conclusion BBR has a certain protective effect against radiation injury in rats, which may be through increasing the activity of antioxidant substances, enhancing free radical clearance, and thereby alleviating free radicals-caused oxidative damage.
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A patient with scalp laceration suspected of radioactive waste water contamination had the wound ruled out of radioactive contamination, psychological fear eliminated, and well-healed wound, through rapid emergency medical response and scientific and effective disposal. The treatment process and psychological intervention for batch wounded after a nuclear accident are still applicable to patients with a small amount of sudden radioactive contamination. This article summarizes the relevant disposal process for reference.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of urinary iodine level and its relationship with thyroid function in Tibetan adults in Lhasa. Methods Tibetan residents living in Lhasa and its surrounding countryside were recruited by the method of multistage randomized cluster sampling. Their salt iodine, drinking water iodine, urinary iodine, and thyroid function levels were detected. According to the urinary iodine level, these subjects were divided into the iodine deficiency group ( urinary iodine<100μg/L) , the iodine enough group ( urine iodine 100-199μg/L) , the iodine adequate group ( urine iodine 200-299 μg/L ) and the iodine excessive group ( urine iodine≥300μg/L) . The differences in thyroid function among various groups were compared. Results A total of 2235 subjects were included in the study. The overall level of urinary iodine was in skewed distribution, with a median ( upper and lower quartiles) of 154 (99, 229) μg/L. The proportion of subjects with insufficient iodine intake was 25.7％, while those of the enough, adequate, and excessive groups were 41. 5％, 21. 3％, and 11. 5％, respectively. There was no significant difference in urine iodine level between males and females [152(95,219)μg/L vs 155(100,232)μg/L P>0.05]. The urinary iodine levels in residents of urban were higher than those in rural residents [157(101,232)μg/L vs 140(92,200)μg/L, P<0.05]. The urinary iodine levels in the young, middle-aged, and elderly groups were 175 ( 116,256) , 136 ( 91, 200) , and 116 ( 68, 164)μg/L respectively, showing a gradual decrease in urine iodine level with aging (P<0.05). The average salt iodine content of Tibetan adults in Lhasa was 23.16 mg/kg, and that in drinking water was 4.33μg/L. There were no significant differences in TSH levels among various iodine intake groups ( P>0.05) . The levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody ( TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody ( TGAb) were gradually decreased with the increase of urinary iodine level (P<0.05). Conclusion More than 50％ of Tibetans are at the status of low iodine and high iodine intakes in Lhasa. Although the salt iodine content meets national standards, the drinking water iodine content is lower than that standard.
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Objective@#To investigate the quality of life of patients with dysphagia after stroke, and to explore the relationship between perceived social support and resilience and quality of life.@*Methods@#From October 2016 to June 2018, a total of 338 patients with dysphagia after stroke were selected as the subjects. The general information, perceived social support, resilience and swallowing quality of life questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) were used to evaluate the general information, perceived social support, resilience and survival of the patients. Quality.@*Results@#The overall score of QOL was 176.30+2.67. There was a significant positive correlation between QOL and resilience (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between QOL and perceived social support and various dimensions (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The quality of life of patients with dysphagia after stroke is low. Age, endotracheal intubation, resilience and perceived social support are important factors affecting the quality of life.
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Objective To investigate the quality of life of patients with dysphagia after stroke, and to explore the relationship between perceived social support and resilience and quality of life. Methods From October 2016 to June 2018, a total of 338 patients with dysphagia after stroke were selected as the subjects. The general information, perceived social support, resilience and swallowing quality of life questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) were used to evaluate the general information, perceived social support, resilience and survival of the patients. Quality. Results The overall score of QOL was 176.30+2.67. There was a significant positive correlation between QOL and resilience (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between QOL and perceived social support and various dimensions (P<0.05). Conclusions The quality of life of patients with dysphagia after stroke is low. Age, endotracheal intubation, resilience and perceived social support are important factors affecting the quality of life.
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Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world and occurs at particularly higher frequency in China. While several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of germline variants and whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing studies of somatic mutations in ESCC have been published, there is no comprehensive database publically available for this cancer. Here, we developed the Chinese Cancer Genomic Database-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CCGD-ESCC) database, which contains the associations of 69,593 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with ESCC risk in 2022 cases and 2039 controls, survival time of 1006 ESCC patients (survival GWAS) and gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci, eQTL) in 94 ESCC patients. Moreover, this database also provides the associations between 8833 somatic mutations and survival time in 675 ESCC patients. Our user-friendly database is a resource useful for biologists and oncologists not only in identifying the associations of genetic variants or somatic mutations with the development and progression of ESCC but also in studying the underlying mechanisms for tumorigenesis of the cancer. CCGD-ESCC is freely accessible at http://db.cbi.pku.edu.cn/ccgd/ESCCdb.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Asian People , Genetics , China , Epidemiology , Databases, Genetic , Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma , Genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetic Variation , Genome-Wide Association Study , Internet , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Genetics , User-Computer InterfaceABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of montelukast sodium in the treatment of chronic cough with small airway disease.Methods 50 chronic cough patients with small airway disease were selected,and they were randomly divided into montelukast sodium group and control group according to the digital table,25 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment,the montelukast sodium group was treated with montelukast sodium on the basis of routine treatment.At the end of treatment,the clinical effect of the two groups was compared.Results The total effective rate of the montelukast sodium group was 92.0％,which of the control group was 84.0％,the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (x2 =1.05,P ＞ 0.05).After 3 months of treatment,the pulmonary function of the two groups was significantly improved.Compared with the control group,the FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC％ of the montelukast sodium group showed no statistically significant differences(t =0.71,0.64,1.46,all P ＞ 0.05),but the FEF25 ％-75 ％,FEF50％,FEF75 ％ improved significantly with significant differences (t =7.07,2.62,3.83,all P ＜ 0.01).After 6 months of treatment,the difference of FEF75 ％ was statistically significant between the two groups (t =1.92,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the level of serum IgE was significantlylower in the montelukast sodium group(t =4.02,P ＜0.01).There were no serious adverse reactions in the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =1.42,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Montelukast sodium in the treatment of chronic cough with small airway disease has significant effcet,it is conducive to improve small airway disease and reduce serum IgE level,it is safe,effective and worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide aerosol combined with salmeterol in the treatment of ACOS. Methods 76 patients with ACOS were enrolled in this study from October 2014 to November 2016. They were divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method. The test group was given tiotropium bromide combined with salmeterol Casson aerosol treatment, the control group was given salmeterol tacrolone aerosol treatment, compared the two groups of patients with clinical efficacy and adverse reactions. Results The total effective rate was 92.11% in the experimental group and 73.68% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (Z = 4.547, P<0.05). The ACT score of the test group was higher than that of the control group, the CAT score was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The incidence of adverse reactions in the test group was 10.53%, the incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 13.16%,the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.126). Conclusion Tiotropium powder combined with salmeterol tegon aerosol in the treatment of bronchial asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary syndrome is reliable and worthy of clinical practice.
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Background Phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens (PPC-ICL) or phakic posterior chamber Toric implantable contact lens (PPC-TICL) implantation is an effective way for the correction of high myopia or high myopia with astigmia,but it often has residual myopic power.Excimer laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) can correct the residual myopia following PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL,but its effectiveness and safety deserve attention.Objective This study was to analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of LASEK for residual myopia after PPC-ICL implantation for extreme high myopia.Methods A prospective cases-observational study was performed,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any surgery.Fourteen eyes of 9 patients with residual myopia following PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL for the eyes with spherical equivalent refraction of ≥-20.00 D were collected in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from July 2010 to March 2015,including PPCICL implantation in 8 eyes and PPC-TICL implantation in 6 eyes.LASEK were performed on the eyes to correct the residual myopic power.Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),haze,the distance of intraocular lens to lens,corneal thickness,corneal topography,corneal endothelial cell counting,intraocular pressure (IOP) and fundus were examined and compared before and after surgery.The effectiveness and safety of the surgery were evaluated.Results The operation was smooth and no complication was found after surgery in all of the eyes.The UCVA and BCVA were significantly different in the eyes among before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK (F =31.360,1.778;both at P＜0.05),and the UCVA after LASEK was higher than BCVA before LASEK.The refractive powers were (-22.27-±4.29),(-3.75±2.25) and (-0.42±0.63) D before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK,showing a significant difference among them (F=46.370,P＜0.05),and the refractive power was considerably lower after LASEK than that before surgery and after PPC-ICL implantation (both at P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in IOP or corneal endothelial cell counting in operated eyes among before surgery,6 months after PPC-ICL implantation and 12 months after LASEK (F=1.663,1.055;both at P＞0.05).The distance of intraocular lens to lens was (0.69±0.26)mm in the eyes after LASEK and (0.71 ±0.29)mm in the eyes after PPC-ICL implantation,with no significant difference between them (t =0.192,P＞0.05).Conclusions PPC-ICL or PPC-TICL implantation for the correction extreme high myopia often remains a certain degree of myopia,and LASEK for the correction of residual refractive power is safe and effective.
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication takes place in the viral capsid that consists of 180 or 240 copies of HBV capsid (HBc or core) protein. The monomeric core protein contains an apical loop region that forms the spikes on the surface of viral capsid upon core dimerization and capsid assembly. To investigate the impact on HBV DNA replication through gene engineering at the spike of HBV capsid. plasmids expressing engineered HBc with linker-fused enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or shortened EGFP insertion at the spike region were constructed by Restriction Digestion and Ligation-independent Cloning (RLIC). The wildtype or mutant HBc construct was cotransfected with HBV1.1c(-), a plasmid containing 1.1 unit-length HBV genome with deficiency in HBc expression, into HEK293 cells, respectively. GFP signal was observed through a fluorescence microscope and HBV DNA replicative intermediates were assayed by Southern blotting to determine the expression and functions of different recombinants. Our results demonstrated that the RLIC method was effective to generate deletion or insertion in the apical loop region of HBc. Both HBc-EGFP recombinants with different linkers produced green fluorescence but with different subcellular distribution pattern. However, HBV DNA replication was not detected with the trans-complementation of these two HBc recombinants. In addition, other recombinants including the one only with the deletion of aa79-80 failed to support HBV replication. Taken together, our results suggest that RLIC is a robust method which can be broadly applied in gene engineering; different peptide linkers may have different influences on the functions of an engineered fusion protein; and HBc aa79-80 play a critical role for HBc to support HBV DNA replication.
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Humans , Capsid Proteins , Genetics , Cloning, Molecular , Genetic Engineering , Methods , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Genetics , HEK293 Cells , Hepatitis B Core Antigens , Genetics , Hepatitis B virus , Genetics , Physiology , Mutation , Recombinant Fusion Proteins , Genetics , Transfection , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
Objective To identify disease-causing mutations in a large panel of Chinese Han patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP).Methods The coding sequence of the SPG11 gene in the probands of 28 families with ARHSP and 14 sporadic HSP patients was analyzed,and the identified changes in the sequence were tested to exclude being a benign polymorphism by sequencing 200 chromosomes from normal controls.Results Identified 13 causative mutations in SPG11 gene in 7 ARHSP and 3 sporadic HSP The mutations were:c.5977C>T/p.Q1993X、c.4668T>A/p.Y1556X、c.6898_6899delCT/p.L2300AfsX23.38、c.3719_3720delTA/p.11240VfsX263、c.733_734delAT/p.M245VfsX246、c.7088_7089insATTA/p.Y2363X、c.2163_2164insT/p.1722Yfsx731、c.7101-7102insT/p.K2368X、c.6790_6791insC/p.12264PfsX2339、c.654_655delinsG/p.S218RfsX219、c.7151+4_7151+7delAGTA/p.K2384fsX2386、c.6355-21_6355-18delTCT、c.3004C>T/p.G1002X.Among them,12 were novel mutations.The rate of mutation in the SPG11 gene was 25.0%(7/28)in ARHSP,6/6 in ARHSP-TCC and 3/14 in sporadic cases.Conclusions In Chinese Han population,patients with ARHSP-TCC and sporadic HSP-TCC should be screened for SPG11.Sequencing of the SPG11 gene in these patients with is valuable for clinical diagnostic testing.
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Objective To investigate clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP).Methods To perform retrospective analyses of clinical data from 179 HSP Han Chinese patients from Xiangya Hospital and National Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China.Results The 179 patients comprised of 114 familial cases (from 41 families with AD inheritance and 37 families with AR inheritance ) and 65 sporadic cases.Genetic anticipation was not found, and nonpenetrance was observed in some HSP families.Male to female ratio was 1.84 to 1.The mean age of onset was ( 18.1 ± 14.0) years, and the mcan duration of disease was ( 12.3 ± 11.5) years.AD-HSP patients had an older age of onset ( ( 19.7 ± 14.0) years) and a longer duration ( ( 17.9 ± 14.4) years) than ARHSP patients (t =2.196 and 4.404, P value were less than 0.05 and 0.01 respectively).Most AD patients manifested as "pure" form, while "complicated" form occurred more frequently in AR patients (F =19.322, P ＜ 0.01 ).Leg stiffness and clumsiness were often the early symptoms at the beginning of the disease, and the most common leg signs were hypertonia, hyperreflexia and pathological reflexes.Other signs included ankle clonus (46.9% ), weakness (42.5% ) and deformities (30.7% ).Ataxia, dysarthria,mental retardation, and foot deformity were more frequently seen in AR-HSP patients than AD-HSP patients,but the frequency of urinary symptoms was higher in AD-HSP patients.Among 65 patients with MRI examination of the head, 13 cases and 9 cases showed corpus callosal dysplasia and cerebellar atrophy,respectively.In addition, spinal cord atrophy was found in 7 of 45 patients undergone MRI examination of the spine.Conclusions Adolescent onset of HSP is common, and more males than females are affected.When compared with AR-HSP, AD-HSP patients have an older age of onset, a longer duration, and more marked urinary symptoms.Most AD-HSP cases are of "pure" form, while most AR-HSP cases manifest as "complicated" form with ataxia, dysarthria, and mental retardation.Dysplasia of corpus callosum is commonly seen in AR-HSP individuals than AD-HSP.HSP manifest gender-related clinical heterogeneity,illustrating the phenomenon of "female protection".
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Objective To evaluate the effect of early-phase insulin secretion and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and to analysis the risk factors of glucose tolerance deterioration. Methods Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in subjects over 30 years old coming from 78 families with type 2 diabetes. A total of 118 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) [fasting plasma glucose (FPG)<6.1 mmol/L and 2h postprandial glucose (2hPG)<7.8 mmol/L] were enrolled. Another OGTT was performed in them to define the glucose tolerance status at the end of the 4-7 years follow-up. AINS30/APG30, the ratio of the increment of insulin to that of plasma glucose at 30 min after the glucose load, was used to assess the early phase insulin secretion. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated to assess the insulin resistance and β-cell function respectively. Results After 4-7 years follow-up, 66 of 118 subjects still remained NGT, while 52 became either diabetic (n=11)or pre-diabetic (n=41). Using the median of HOMA-IR and AINS30/APG30 as the cutoff points, all subjects were divided into four groups: subjects with good early phase insulin secretion and no insulin resistance, subjects with good early insulin secretion but relative insulin resistance, subjects with impaired early phase insulin secretion but no insulin resistance, subjects with impaired early phase insulin secretion and also relative insulin resistance. The incidences of abnormal glucose tolerance among these four groups were 23.1%, 36.4%, 45.5% and 73.1% respectively. There was a statistical difference between the former three groups and the last one (P<0.05). Log/st/c regression analysis showed that only the early phase insulin secretion was the risk factor of glucose tolerance deterioration, while age, gender, insulin resistance or β-cell function were not. Conclusion Impaired early phase insulin secretion is a major risk factor for the disturbance of glucose metabolism in the population with NGT.